March 2013 - European courts are challenging the domestic implementation of individually targeted UN anti-terrorism sanctions established by Security Council Resolution 1267. The Office of the Ombudsperson created by the Council in 2009 provides some legal rights for petitioners seeking to be delisted, but it does not meet the standard of ‘effective judicial protection’ established in European court rulings. This report examines the legal issues surrounding this issue and the implications for European compliance with UN targeted sanctions.

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April 2012 - Faced with a global outcry against the cost in human suffering caused by comprehensive sanctions in the early 1900s, the UN Security Council began discussion of the potential of 'targeted' or 'smart' sanctions in 1993. After 1994, every case of Security Council sanctions fit this new format, aimed at applying pressure directly to decision-makers and political leaders while minimizing their impact on the global population. These sanctions were largely coercive in nature, and were perceived by a number of  states as being cumbersome and punitive.

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